KIDNEY DISEASE

By Esther John zaro

The kidney is an organ in the interior part of the body and is located at the posterior end of the abdomen kidney is supplied with blood vessels, the renal artery supplies blood to the kidney while the renal vein takes away blood from the kidney and performs a lot of activities in the filtering of waste and excess fluids from the blood which is excreted in the urine.

the symptoms of kidney disease are weight loss and poor appetite, blood in urine, difficulty sleeping ( insomnia), itchy skin, swollen, feet or hands, and shortness of breath.

According to the world health organization, describe kidney disease is a gradual loss of kidney function. it can also be a disease that affects kidney performance. Experts identified hypertension, Diabetes, chronic infection such as hepatitis B & C, and HIV as the main causes of kidney failure.
While other causes are bleaching cream, toxic substances, herbal, and drugs as well.

on the 5th of April 2023, the world health organization released the record of 460,000 kidney disease deaths caused by diabetes, antisense in blood.

In addition, the patients on dialysis in the kidney center teaching hospital university of Maiduguri mentioned hypertension as the cause of their kidney problem and some have spent seven months, some one year on dialysis.

The Pan American Health Organization ( PAHO), counted 254,28 total deaths by chronic kidney disease in the world, 13,1008 deaths in men, and 123,020 deaths in women. the aged standardized death rate due to kidney diseases was estimated at 1.5 deaths per 100,000 population.

however, the countries with the highest rate of kidney diseases are Saudi Arabia and Belgium with 24 percent cases, Poland 18 percent, Germany 17 percent, united kingdom and Singapore 16, Norway and united states of America 14 percent while Nigeria is 12.4 percent cases of chronic kidney diseases.

The world health organization (WHO), revealed that, kidney diseases is increasing world wide and affect approximately 10 percent of the world adults population. Also people of black African origin generally have a greater likelihood of developing kidney problem from all the condition that eventually lead to it than all other racing group. Black people in the environment like American, Asians, united kingdom where there are uray Asians and causasions.

Furthermore, the recent statistics shown during the world kidney day in 10th March 2023, there are more than 20 million Nigerians living with kidney disease and no fewer than 20,000 of the number are coming down with end stage ( stage five) of the kidney disease, and the 20,000 developed end stage of kidney demage yearly requires dialysis band transplant to live.

In addition, it cost 600,000 monthly to put one patient on dialysis and 10 millions for perform kidney transplant in Nigeria, In Borno states the rate of people living with kidney disease is still under the state government research said the nephrologists Dr Mustapha LawanTeaching Hospital Maiduguri.

According to Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO) said, “Many people with chronic kidney disease can be able to live long without being unduly affected by the condition, the victim is on dialysis the average life expectancy is five to ten years some can live up to 30 years on dialysis. Therefore, there should be no high temper among people living with chronic kidney disease for there is hope for life expectancy”.

Dr. Mustapha the nephrologist advises the general public to improve their medical checkup routine to know their health status. He further said, “Contacting with disease does not mean death some diseases have a cure if been treated at an early stage”.